Kodi Kuumba Kozungulira Koyenera Kwa Inu?

Chifukwa chake mumafunikira gawo lapulasitiki kapena chinthu, koma simukudziwa momwe mungapangire.

Ndi yayikulu kapena yaying'ono?Iyenera kukhala yosinthika kapena yowuma?Ndilozungulira, lalikulu, kapena mawonekedwe ena odabwitsa?Kodi muli ndi nkhungu kale, kapena muyenera kupanga?

Bukhuli lifotokoza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njira zowumba zomwe zilipo lero kuti zikuthandizeni kupeza njira yabwino yopangira mankhwala anu.

Kodi Pulasitiki Kuumba N'chiyani?

Kuumba, komwenso nthawi zina kupangidwira, ndi njira yopangira popanga zinthu zamadzimadzi kapena zopindika pogwiritsa ntchito chimango cholimba chotchedwa nkhungu kapena matrix.

Mukamaumba mapulasitiki, ufa kapena polima wamadzimadzi monga polyethylene kapena polypropylene amayikidwa mu nkhungu yopanda kanthu kuti polima azitha kupanga mawonekedwe ake.Malingana ndi mtundu wa ndondomeko yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kutentha ndi kupanikizika zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapeto.

Mbiri ya Pulasitiki Moulding

Kuumba pulasitiki kunayamba chakumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 1800 n’cholinga chokwaniritsa kufunika kopanga mipira ya pulasitiki yopangidwa ndi mabiliyoni kusiyana ndi mipira ya minyanga ya njovu yomwe anthu ambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito panthawiyo.Mu 1868, John Wesley Hyatt anapanga njira yopangira mipira ya billiard pobaya celluloid mu nkhungu.Patatha zaka zinayi, Hyatt ndi mchimwene wake adapanga makina opanga makina opangira makinawo.Aka anali makina oyamba opangira jakisoni wa pulasitiki kukhalapo ndipo adagwiritsa ntchito pulasitala kubaya pulasitiki mu nkhungu kudzera mu silinda yotentha.

Mu 1946, makina opangira jekeseni adapangidwa ndi James Hendry, omwe adalowa m'malo mwa jekeseni wa plunger.Iyi ndiyo njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri masiku ano.

Kuumba kwamakono kozungulira kulinso ndi mbiri yabwino kuyambira mu 1855 pamene kuzungulira ndi kutentha kunagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zipolopolo zazitsulo ku Britain.

Pulasitiki inayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1950, pamene kuumba kozungulira kunagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mitu ya zidole.Ndiyeno m'ma 1960 njira yamakono yozungulira yomwe imatithandiza kupanga ziwiya zazikulu zoyera ndi polyethylene yotsika kwambiri.M'mbiri yaposachedwa, kukonza kwazinthu, zida zabwinoko, ndikukula kwa ufa wa pulasitiki kwathandizira kupanga zinthu zomalizidwa zomwe zapangitsa kuti kuumba kozungulira kukule mwachangu kutchuka.

Mitundu Yopangira Pulasitiki

Njira zodziwika kwambiri pakuumba pulasitiki ndi kuumba mozungulira, kuumba jekeseni, kuumba nkhonya, kuponyera, kuumba kwa extrusion, ndi thermoforming.Tikambirana njira zonsezi mu bukhuli kuti tikuthandizeni kupeza njira yabwino yopangira gawo lanu kapena chinthu chanu.

Kuzungulira Kozungulira

Rotational Molding, yomwe imatchedwanso kuti rotomolding, ndi njira yopangira popanga zida zazikulu zopanda kanthu ndi zinthu poyika ufa kapena utomoni wamadzimadzi mu nkhungu yachitsulo ndikuzungulira mu uvuni mpaka utomoni utavala mkati mwa nkhungu.Kusinthasintha kosalekeza kwa nkhungu kumapanga mphamvu ya centrifugal kupanga zinthu zokhala ndi mipanda.Chikombole chikazizira, pulasitiki yolimba imachotsedwa mu nkhungu.

Zinthu zochepa kwambiri zimawonongeka panthawiyi, ndipo zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zochepetsetsa komanso zowononga chilengedwe.

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozungulira pozungulira

Kumangirira kozungulira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zazikulu zapulasitiki zopanda kanthu monga ngolo, matanki osungira, zida zamagalimoto, ma buoys am'madzi, nyumba za ziweto, nkhokwe zobwezeretsanso, ma cones, ziboliboli za kayak, ndi masilayidi ochitira masewera.

Ma Molds Ozungulira Ndiwosinthika Kwambiri Ndipo Ndiwotchipa

Chikombolecho chikhoza kukhala chovuta kwambiri kuti chiwongolere kupanga zinthu zambiri.Nkhungu zimatha kuphatikiza zoyikapo, zokhotakhota, zokhotakhota komanso ma logo ndi mipata yoyikapo pulasitiki kapena chitsulo choyikapo chinthu chikapangidwa.

Zida zopangira zida ndizotsika ndi nkhungu zozungulira kuposa jekeseni kapena nkhungu zowombera.Zotsatira zake zimakhala zotsika mtengo zoyambira komanso zotsika mtengo zopanga ngakhale kupanga zinthu zochepa ngati 25 nthawi imodzi.

Jekeseni Kumangira

Jekeseni akamaumba ndi njira yopangira ziwalo za pulasitiki mwakubaya zinthu zapulasitiki zosungunula pamphamvu kwambiri mu nkhungu yachitsulo.Mofanana ndi mitundu ina ya pulasitiki, pulasitiki yosungunuka ikabayidwa mu nkhungu, nkhunguyo imazizira ndi kutsegulidwa kuti iwonetse pulasitiki yolimba.

Njirayi ndi yofanana ndi nkhungu ya Jello yomwe imadzazidwa kenako itakhazikika kuti ipange chomaliza.

Kagwiritsidwe Ntchito Kamodzi Pakuumba jekeseni

Jekeseni akamaumba nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zapulasitiki zapamwamba kwambiri.Makina akulu omangira jekeseni amatha kuumba zida zamagalimoto.Makina ang'onoang'ono amatha kupanga zida zapulasitiki zolondola kwambiri zopangira opaleshoni.Kuphatikiza apo, pali mitundu yambiri ya ma resin apulasitiki ndi zowonjezera zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga jakisoni, ndikuwonjezera kusinthika kwake kwa opanga ndi mainjiniya.

Mitundu ya jakisoni, yomwe nthawi zambiri imapangidwa kuchokera kuchitsulo kapena aluminiyamu, imakhala ndi mtengo wokwera kwambiri.Komabe, mtengo pagawo lililonse ndiwotsika mtengo ngati mukufuna magawo masauzande angapo pachaka.

Pogwiritsa ntchito jakisoni, kugwiritsa ntchito zida nthawi zambiri kumatenga masabata 12-16 mpaka milungu inayi kuti ipangidwe.

Kuwomba Kuumba

Kuwomba ndi njira yopangira zibowo, zopyapyala, zokhala ndi pulasitiki.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga mankhwala okhala ndi makulidwe a yunifolomu komanso komwe mawonekedwewo ndi ofunika.Njirayi imachokera pa mfundo yofanana ndi kuwomba galasi.

Makina owumba amatenthetsa pulasitiki ndikubaya mpweya womwe ukuwulutsa pulasitiki yotentha ngati baluni.Pulasitiki imawomberedwa kukhala nkhungu ndipo ikamakula, imakanikiza makoma a nkhunguyo kuti iwonekere.Pambuyo pa pulasitiki "baluni" yodzaza nkhungu, imakhazikika ndi kuuma, ndipo gawolo limatulutsidwa.Njira yonseyi imatenga mphindi zosachepera ziwiri kotero kuti pafupifupi tsiku la ola la 12 litha kupanga pafupifupi zidutswa za 1440.

Zomwe Zimagwira Ntchito Pakuumba Kowomba

Njira zowomba zimatulutsa, nthawi zambiri, mabotolo, ng'oma zapulasitiki, ndi matanki amafuta.Ngati mukufuna mabotolo apulasitiki zana limodzi, iyi ndi njira yanu.Kuwomba kowomba kumakhala kofulumira komanso kopanda ndalama, nkhungu yokhayo imawononga ndalama zochepa kuposa kuumba jekeseni, koma kuposa kuumba mozungulira ...

Compression Molding

Kumangirira kumapangidwa ndendende monga momwe dzina likunenera.Pulasitiki yotenthetsera imayikidwa mu nkhungu yotenthedwa ndikukanikizidwa mu mawonekedwe enieni.Nthawi zambiri, pulasitiki imabwera m'mapepala, koma imathanso kukhala yochuluka.Pulasitiki ikakanizidwa kuti ikhale yoyenera, kutentha kumatsimikizira kuti pulasitiki imakhalabe ndi mphamvu zambiri.Njira zomalizira pakuchita izi zimaphatikizapo kuziziritsa, kudula, ndiyeno kuchotsa gawo la pulasitiki mu nkhungu.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Compression Molding

Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino psinjika akamaumba ndi m'malo mbali zitsulo mbali pulasitiki.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazigawo zing'onozing'ono ndi zinthu zomwe zili pamwamba kwambiri.Makampani opanga magalimoto amagwiritsa ntchito kuponderezana kwambiri chifukwa zinthu zomaliza zimakhala zamphamvu komanso zolimba.

Mtengo woyambirira wa nkhungu yoponderezedwa ndi wokulirapo, kutengera zinthu zingapo kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa zibowo, kukula kwa magawo, zovuta zazidutswa, ndi kutha kwa pamwamba pakati pazinthu zina.Koma mtengo wa gawo lililonse la munthu ndi wotsika kwambiri, kotero kuti magawo ambiri ndi abwino kwa mawonekedwe awa.

Extrusion Molding

Kujambula kwa Extrusion ndikofanana ndi kuumba kwa jekeseni kupatula kuti mawonekedwe aatali opitirira amapangidwa.Kusiyana kwina pakuumba kwa extrusion ndikuti njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito "kufa" osati "nkhungu."

Zigawo zowonjezera zimapangidwa ndi kufinya zopangira zotentha kudzera pakufa kwachizolowezi.Kuwona kosavuta kumakhala ngati kufinya Play Doh kudzera pabowo loumbika.

Ngakhale njira zina zomangira zimagwiritsa ntchito extrusion kuti ma resin apulasitiki akhale mu nkhungu, izi zimatulutsa pulasitiki yosungunuka mwachindunji mukufa.Maonekedwe a mafelemu, osati nkhungu, ndiwo amatsimikizira mpangidwe wa chinthu chomaliza.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Nthawi zambiri Extrusion Molding

Magawo opangidwa kuchokera ku extrusion ali ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika.Zitsanzo za zinthu zomwe zatulutsidwa zikuphatikiza mapaipi a PVC, udzu, ndi mapaipi.Ziwalozo siziyenera kukhala zozungulira koma ziyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi kutalika kwa gawolo.

Mtengo wa kuumba kwa extrusion ndi wotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi njira zina zopangira chifukwa cha kuphweka kwa kufa ndi makinawo.

Komabe, chikhalidwe cha extrusion akamaumba ndondomeko malire mitundu ya mankhwala akhoza kupanga ndi njira imeneyi.

Thermoforming

Thermoforming ndi njira yopangira pomwe pepala la pulasitiki lotchedwa thermoplastic limatenthedwa mpaka kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono, kupangidwa kukhala mawonekedwe enaake mu nkhungu, ndikukonzedwa kuti apange chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito.Thermoplastic imabwera muzinthu zosiyanasiyana, mitundu, mapeto, ndi makulidwe.

Thermoforming amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo ya nkhungu ndi njira kuti akwaniritse chomaliza.Kupanga zinthu za 3D, nkhungu nthawi zambiri imakhala mawonekedwe a 3D opangidwa ndi aluminiyumu.Chifukwa thermoforming imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, nkhungu zimatha kupangidwa pamtengo wotsika pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotsika mtengo.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Nthawi zambiri kwa Thermoforming

Thin-gauge thermoforming imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga makapu otaya, zotengera, zomangira, thireyi, matuza, zipolopolo, ndi zinthu zina zopangira zakudya ndi mafakitale wamba.Thick-gauge thermoforming imaphatikizapo magawo osiyanasiyana monga zitseko zamagalimoto ndi ma dash panels, zomangira firiji, ndi mabedi amagalimoto.

Pafupifupi, zimatenga pafupifupi masabata 8 kuti nkhungu ya thermoform ikhale yokonzeka kupanga.Mtengo wa nkhungu ya thermoform umatengera kukula kwa gawo lomwe likufunika kupangidwa.Chikombole chaching'ono chikhoza kuwononga ndalama zokwana $20,000 pamene mtengo wa nkhungu yaikulu ukhoza kupitirira $50,000.