Ntchito Zonse za Polima Single-Screw Extruder

Kumvetsetsa zomwe zafotokozedwa m'mutu uno wokha zitha kukhala zopindulitsa mokwanira kwa owerenga ambiri, ndikuwathandiza kukonza njira zawo ndi zinthu zawo.Polima extruder imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungunula polima wolimba ndikupereka polima wosungunuka kuti apange njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira kapena kupanga.The screw ndiye gawo lokhalo logwira ntchito la extruder.Zina zonse (motor, gear-box, hopper, mbiya ndi kufa, ndi zina zotero) zimangopereka chithandizo chofunikira kuti screw igwire bwino ntchito.Ntchito zonse za extruder zikuwonetsedwa pansipa.

Ntchito yodyetsera posamutsa polima ya chakudya kuchokera ku hopper kupita ku screw channel imachitika kunja kwa wononga, ndipo kwenikweni sizitengera kapangidwe ka screw.Sirawa imagwira ntchito zitatu zofunika: (1) ntchito yotumiza yolimba, (2) ntchito yosungunuka, ndi (3) ntchito ya mita kapena kupopera.Zomangira zitatuzi zimachitika nthawi imodzi pa utali wa screw ndipo zimadalirana kwambiri.Dzina la geometric la gawo la screw monga gawo la kudyetsa, lomwe likuwonetsedwa mu Mutu 1;Mkuyu 1.3, sizikutanthauza ntchito yokhayo ya wononga gawo.Mwachitsanzo, gawo lodyetsa silimangogwira ntchito yolimba yotumizira, komanso kusungunula ndi metering ntchito.Zowononga zimagwiranso ntchito zina zachiwiri monga kusakaniza kogawa, kusakaniza kwamtundu, ndi kumeta ubweya wa ubweya kapena homogenization.Kuphatikizika kogawa kumatanthawuza kukonzanso kwapang'onopang'ono kwa zigawo zosiyanasiyana, ndipo kusakanizika kobalalika kumatanthauza kuchepetsa kukula kwa zigawo monga momwe tafotokozera mu Mutu 2;Ndime 2.6.4.Kumeta ubweya wa ubweya kumatanthawuza kugwirizanitsa mamolekyu a polima pometa.A single-screw extruder ndi mpope wa volumetric mosalekeza wopanda kusanganikirana kumbuyo komanso wopanda kuthekera kotumiza.Zomwe zimalowa mu screw poyamba, zimatuluka mu wononga poyamba.Polima, ngati yolimba kapena yosungunuka, imasunthira pansi pa screw channel ndi mphamvu zomwe zimaperekedwa pa polima pogwiritsa ntchito wononga zozungulira ndi mbiya yoyima.Palibe njira yoperekera polima motsatira screw channel mpaka kufa.Chophimba chozungulira chimagwira polima ndikuyesa kutembenuza polima nacho.Tiyerekeze kuti mbiya imachotsedwa ku extruder, kapena mafuta abwino kwambiri, kotero kuti samapereka kukana kusuntha kwa polima.Kenako polima amangozungulira ndi wononga pa liwiro lomwelo ndipo palibe chomwe chimatuluka mu screw.Mgolo woyima umapereka mphamvu ku polima yozungulira ndikupangitsa kuti polima azitsetsereka pang'ono pa wononga.Polima imazungulirabe ndi wononga mbiya pamwamba pa mbiya, koma pa liwiro lotsika pang'ono kuposa screw, chifukwa cha kutsetsereka.Kutsetsereka kwa polima pa wononga pamwamba pa screw channel kumabweretsa chiwongola dzanja.Malo opaka mafuta opopera amawonjezera kuchuluka kwake, koma mbiya yothira mafuta imachepetsa kutulutsa kwake.Ndizomveka bwino chifukwa chake zomangira zamalonda zimapukutidwa kwambiri, komanso chifukwa chake migolo yokhotakhota m'gawo lodyera imakondedwa.Ngakhale kuti machitidwe ambiri amalonda adapangidwa mwachidziwitso m'malo motengera kusanthula kwamalingaliro, amavomerezana ndi malingaliro oyambira.Njira zomwe zili mkati mwa chotupa cha single-screw extruder zimawerengedwa poyang'ana magawo amtundu wa polima panjira yochokera ku "zoyeserera zoziziritsa kuzizira".Mu kuyesa kozizira kozizira kochitidwa ndi Maddock [1], screw imayendetsedwa kuti igwire ntchito mokhazikika.Kenako, zomangirazo zimayimitsidwa ndipo kuziziritsa kwamadzi kumayikidwa pa mbiya (komanso pa screw ngati kuli kotheka) kuzizira polima mkati mwa screw channel.Mgolowu umatenthedwanso kuti usungunuke polima, ndipo wonongayo imakankhidwira kunja kwa mbiya pamene polima imayamba kusungunuka pamwamba pa mbiya.Kenako, mzere wolimba wa polima umachotsedwa pa screw channel ndikudula m'malo ambiri kuti awunike magawo odutsa pa screw channel.Ma pellets ena achikuda amasakanizidwa mu chakudya kuti awonetsere momwe amasungunuka komanso momwe amayendera.Ma pellets amitundu amasunga mawonekedwe ake ngati adakhalabe olimba mkati mwa bedi lolimba chisakanizocho chisanayime, koma amameta ndikukhala mikwingwirima mkati mwa dziwe losungunula ngati atasungunula wononga isanayime.