Kuwotcherera pulasitikindi kuwotcherera kwa zida zapulasitiki zotha pang'ono, ndipo akufotokozedwa mu ISO 472 ngati njira yolumikizira zinthu zofewa, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha (kupatula kuwotcherera zosungunulira).Kuwotcherera kwa thermoplastics kumachitika m'magawo atatu otsatizana, omwe ndi kukonzekera pamwamba, kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha ndi kuthamanga, ndi kuziziritsa.
Kuwotchera kwa gasi wotentha
Kuwotcherera mpweya wotentha, womwe umadziwikanso kuti kuwotcherera mpweya wotentha, ndi njira yowotcherera ya pulasitiki pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha.Mfuti yotenthetsera yopangidwa mwapadera, yotchedwa hot air welder, imapanga jeti ya mpweya wotentha yomwe imafewetsa mbali zonse kuti zilumikizidwe ndi ndodo ya pulasitiki, zonse ziyenera kukhala zofanana kapena pulasitiki yofanana kwambiri.(Kuwotcherera PVC ku acrylic ndikosiyana ndi lamuloli.)
Kuwotcherera mpweya / gasi ndi njira yodziwika bwino yopangira zinthu zing'onozing'ono monga akasinja amankhwala, akasinja amadzi, zosinthira kutentha, ndi zoyikapo mapaipi.
Pankhani ya ukonde ndi mafilimu ndodo yodzaza singagwiritsidwe ntchito.Mapepala awiri apulasitiki amatenthedwa ndi gasi wotentha (kapena chinthu chotenthetsera) kenako amakulungidwa pamodzi.Iyi ndi njira yowotcherera mwachangu ndipo imatha kuchitidwa mosalekeza.
Speed nsonga kuwotcherera
Ndi kuwotcherera liwiro, chowotcherera pulasitiki, chofanana ndi chitsulo chowotchera m'mawonekedwe ndi madzi, chimayikidwa ndi chubu cha chakudya cha ndodo ya pulasitiki.Nsonga yothamanga imatenthetsa ndodo ndi gawo lapansi, pomwe nthawi yomweyo imakankhira ndodo yosungunuka kuti ikhale.Mkanda wa pulasitiki wofewa umayikidwa mu olowa, ndi mbali ndi weld ndodo fuyusi.Ndi mitundu ina ya pulasitiki monga polypropylene, ndodo yowotcherera yosungunuka iyenera "kusakanikirana" ndi zida zosungunuka zomwe zimapangidwira kapena kukonzedwa.Njira zowotcherera izi zakhala zikuyenda bwino pakapita nthawi ndipo zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zopitilira 50 ndi akatswiri opanga pulasitiki ndi okonza padziko lonse lapansi.Njira yowotcherera nsonga yothamanga ndi njira yowotcherera yothamanga kwambiri ndipo pochita zinthu imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamakona olimba.Mtundu wa nsonga yothamanga "mfuti" kwenikweni ndi chitsulo chosungunula chokhala ndi nsonga yotakata, yosalala yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusungunula cholumikizira chowotcherera ndi zinthu zodzaza kuti apange chomangira.
Extrusion kuwotcherera
Kuwotcherera kwa Extrusion kumalola kugwiritsa ntchito ma welds akulu mu chiphaso chimodzi.Ndi njira yabwino yolumikizira zinthu zopitilira 6 mm wandiweyani.Ndodo yowotcherera imakokedwa m'kang'ono kakang'ono kamene kamakhala ndi pulasitiki yotulutsa pulasitiki, yopangidwa ndi pulasitiki, ndikukankhira kunja kwa extruder motsutsana ndi mbali zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa, zomwe zimafewetsedwa ndi jeti ya mpweya wotentha kuti zitheke kugwirizanitsa.
Lumikizanani ndi kuwotcherera
Izi ndi zofanana ndi kuwotcherera mawanga, kupatula kuti kutentha kumaperekedwa ndi nsonga za pincher m'malo mowongolera magetsi.Zigawo ziwiri za pulasitiki zimasonkhanitsidwa pamene nsonga zotentha zimazitsina, kusungunuka ndi kulumikiza zigawozo.
Hot mbale kuwotcherera
Zokhudzana ndi kuwotcherera, njira iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwotcherera mbali zazikulu, kapena zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi geometry yovuta yolumikizirana.Magawo awiri omwe amawotcherera amayikidwa muzitsulo zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mbale ziwiri zotsutsana za makina osindikizira.Mbale yotentha, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe omwe amafanana ndi weld joint geometry ya zigawo zomwe ziyenera kuwotcherera, zimasunthidwa pamalo pakati pa magawo awiriwa.Mapuleti awiri otsutsana amasuntha zigawozo kuti zigwirizane ndi mbale yotentha mpaka kutentha kufewetse malo olowera kumalo osungunuka a pulasitiki.Izi zikakwaniritsidwa mbale yotentha imachotsedwa, ndipo mbalizo zimapanikizidwa pamodzi ndikugwiridwa mpaka mgwirizano wa weld utazizira ndikukhazikikanso kuti upange mgwirizano wokhazikika.
Zida zowotcherera pa mbale zotentha nthawi zambiri zimayendetsedwa ndi pneumatically, hydraulically, kapena magetsi ndi ma servo motors.
Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwotcherera magalimoto pansi pa hood, zida zamkati zamagalimoto, zida zosefera zamankhwala, zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, ndi zina zamkati zamagalimoto.
Kuwotcherera pafupipafupi
High Frequency Welding, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Dielectric Sealing kapena Radio Frequency (RF) Heat Sealing ndiukadaulo wokhwima kwambiri womwe wakhalapo kuyambira 1940s.Mafunde othamanga kwambiri amagetsi pamtundu wa Radio Frequencies amatha kutentha ma polima ena mpaka kufewetsa mapulasitiki kuti ajowine.Mapulasitiki otentha, opanikizika amawotcherera pamodzi.Kutentha kumapangidwa mkati mwa polima ndikuwongoleranso mwachangu kwazinthu zina za dipoles za polima, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kutentha kumatha kukhala komweko, ndipo njirayi imatha kupitiliza.
Kuwotcherera kwa induction
Pamene chotchingira chamagetsi, monga pulasitiki, chikaphatikizidwa ndi zinthu zokhala ndi magetsi apamwamba, monga zitsulo kapena ma fiber a kaboni, kuwotcherera kungathe kuchitidwa.Zida zowotcherera zimakhala ndi koyilo yolowera yomwe imakhala ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yama radio-frequency.Izi zimapanga gawo lamagetsi lamagetsi lomwe limagwira ntchito yamagetsi kapena ferromagnetic workpiece.Pamagetsi opangira magetsi, mphamvu yayikulu yotenthetsera ndikutenthetsa, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mafunde opangidwa ndi mafunde otchedwa eddy currents.Induction welding of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic materials ndi ukadaulo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mwachitsanzo muzamlengalenga.
Mu chogwirira ntchito cha ferromagnetic, mapulasitiki amatha kuwotcherera powapanga ndi zitsulo kapena ferromagnetic mankhwala, otchedwa susceptors.Ma susceptors amayamwa mphamvu yamagetsi kuchokera pa coil yolowera, kutentha, ndikutaya mphamvu zawo zotentha kuzinthu zozungulira poyendetsa matenthedwe.
Kuwotcherera jekeseni
Kuwotcherera jekeseni ndi kofanana/kufanana ndi kuwotcherera kwa extrusion, kupatulapo, pogwiritsa ntchito nsonga zina pa chowotcherera cham'manja, munthu amatha kuyika nsongayo m'mabowo a pulasitiki okhala ndi kukula kosiyanasiyana ndikumangirira kuchokera mkati kupita kunja.Ubwino wake ndikuti palibe mwayi wofunikira kumbuyo kwa dzenje lachilema.Njira ina ndi chigamba, kupatula kuti chigambacho sichingapangidwe mchenga ndi pulasitiki yozungulira yozungulira mpaka makulidwe omwewo.PE ndi PP ndizoyenera kwambiri pamtunduwu.Drader injectiweld ndi chitsanzo cha chida choterocho.
Akupanga kuwotcherera
Mu akupanga kuwotcherera, mkulu pafupipafupi (15 kHz kuti 40 kHz) otsika matalikidwe kugwedera ntchito kulenga kutentha mwa njira mikangano pakati zipangizo kuti anagwirizana.Mawonekedwe a magawo awiriwa amapangidwa mwapadera kuti aziganizira mphamvu zamphamvu kwambiri.Akupanga angagwiritsidwe ntchito pafupifupi zinthu zonse pulasitiki.Ndiwo ukadaulo wothamanga kwambiri wosindikiza kutentha womwe ulipo.
Kuwotcherera friction
Mu kuwotcherera kukangana, magawo awiri oti asonkhanitsidwe amazitikita palimodzi pafupipafupi (nthawi zambiri 100-300 Hz) ndi matalikidwe apamwamba (nthawi zambiri 1 mpaka 2 mm (0.039 mpaka 0.079 mu)) kuposa kuwotcherera akupanga.Kukangana komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusuntha komwe kumaphatikizidwa ndi kukakamiza kwa clamping pakati pa magawo awiriwa kumapangitsa kutentha komwe kumayamba kusungunula malo olumikizana pakati pa magawo awiriwo.Panthawiyi, zipangizo zapulasitiki zimayamba kupanga zigawo zomwe zimagwirizanitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwotcherera kwamphamvu.Kumapeto kwa kayendedwe ka kugwedezeka, ziwalozo zimakhalabe pamodzi mpaka cholumikizira cha weld chizizira ndipo pulasitiki yosungunukayo imakhazikikanso.Kusuntha kwa mikangano kumatha kukhala kozungulira kapena kozungulira, ndipo mapangidwe ophatikizana a magawo awiriwa amayenera kulola kusunthaku.
Spin kuwotcherera
Spin kuwotcherera ndi mtundu wina wa kuwotcherera kwa frictional.Ndi njirayi, chigawo chimodzi chokhala ndi cholumikizira chozungulira chimakhala chokhazikika, pomwe gawo lokwerera limazunguliridwa mwachangu ndikukanikizidwa kugawo loyima.Kukangana kozungulira pakati pa zigawo ziwirizi kumapangitsa kutentha.Zolumikizanazo zikafika posungunuka, chigawo chozungulira chimayimitsidwa mwadzidzidzi.Kukakamiza pazigawo ziwirizo kumasungidwa mpaka cholumikizira cha weld chizizira ndikukhazikikanso.Izi ndi njira wamba kubala otsika- ndi sing'anga-ntchito mawilo a pulasitiki, mwachitsanzo, zoseweretsa, ngolo zogulira, zobwezereranso nkhokwe, etc. Njira imeneyi amagwiritsidwanso ntchito weld zosiyanasiyana madoko mipata mu magalimoto pansi nyumba zigawo zikuluzikulu.
Kuwotcherera kwa laser
Njirayi imafuna kuti gawo limodzi likhale lopatsirana ku mtengo wa laser ndipo mbali inayo imayamwa kapena zokutira pamawonekedwe kuti zizitha kuyamwa pamtengowo.Magawo awiriwa amayikidwa pansi pampanipani pomwe mtengo wa laser ukuyenda pamzere wolumikizana.Mtengowo umadutsa mu gawo loyamba ndikumwedwa ndi winayo kapena zokutira kuti apange kutentha kokwanira kufewetsa mawonekedwe ndikupanga weld yokhazikika.
Ma semiconductor diode lasers amagwiritsidwa ntchito powotcherera pulasitiki.Mafunde apakati pa 808 nm mpaka 980 nm angagwiritsidwe ntchito kujowina mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazinthu zamapulasitiki.Miyezo ya mphamvu kuchokera ku 1W mpaka 100W ndiyofunikira kutengera zida, makulidwe ndi liwiro lomwe mukufuna.
Kuwotchera zosungunulira
Powotchera zosungunulira, zosungunulira zimayikidwa zomwe zimatha kusungunula polima kwakanthawi kutentha kutentha.Izi zikachitika, maunyolo a polima amakhala omasuka kusuntha mumadzimadzi ndipo amatha kusakanikirana ndi maunyolo ena omwe amasungunuka mu gawo lina.Kupatsidwa nthawi yokwanira, zosungunulirazo zimalowa mu polima ndikupita ku chilengedwe, kotero kuti maunyolo amataya kuyenda.Izi zimasiya maunyolo olimba a polima omwe amapanga chosungunulira.
Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikiza chitoliro cha PVC ndi ABS, monga mapaipi apanyumba."Kulumikiza" pamodzi kwa pulasitiki (polycarbonate, polystyrene kapena ABS) ndi njira yosungunulira yosungunulira.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-10-2018