Adsorption ndi kumamatira kwa ayoni kapena mamolekyu pamwamba pa gawo lina.Adsorption imatha kuchitika kudzera mu physisorption ndi chemisorption.Ma Ioni ndi mamolekyu amatha kukopa mitundu yambiri yamalo kuphatikiza ma polima.Polima ndi molekyulu yayikulu yopangidwa ndi ma subunits obwereza omangidwa pamodzi ndi ma covalent bond.Kutengeka kwa ma ion ndi mamolekyu kumalo a polima kumagwira ntchito pazinthu zambiri kuphatikiza: biomedical, structural, and coatings.
Zovala za Implant
Zovala zosagwira mapuloteni:Mapuloteni adsorption amakhudza kuyanjana komwe kumachitika pa mawonekedwe a minofu-implant.Mapuloteni adsorption angayambitse magazi, kuyankha kwa thupi lachilendo ndipo pamapeto pake kuwonongeka kwa chipangizocho.Pofuna kuthana ndi zotsatira za mapuloteni adsorption, ma implants nthawi zambiri amakutidwa ndi zokutira polima kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni.
Zovala za polyethylene glycol (PEG) zasonyezedwa kuti zichepetse kutulutsa mapuloteni m'thupi.Chophimba cha PEG chimakhala ndi mamolekyu a hydrophilic omwe amanyansidwa ndi mapuloteni adsorption.Mapuloteni amakhala ndi mamolekyu a hydrophobic ndi malo opangira ma charger omwe amafuna kumangiriza mamolekyu ena a hydrophobic ndi masamba omwe ali ndi zida zotsutsana.Pogwiritsa ntchito zokutira zopyapyala za PEG, kutsatsa kwa mapuloteni kumatetezedwa pamalo a chipangizocho.Kuphatikiza apo, kukana kwa chipangizocho ku mapuloteni adsorption, kumamatira kwa fibroblast ndi kumamatira kwa mabakiteriya kumawonjezeka.
Zovala za Antithrombogenic:Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa chipangizo chachipatala kumadalira kuchuluka kwa pamwamba, mphamvu ndi malo.Zipangizo zomwe zimalephera kukhala hemocompatabile zimakhala ndi chiopsezo chopanga thrombus, kuchulukana komanso kusokoneza chitetezo chamthupi.Zovala za polima zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida kuti ziwonjezere kuyanjana kwawo.Kuphulika kwa mankhwala kumapangitsa kupanga mapangidwe a fibrous clots.Posankha kugwiritsa ntchito zokutira za hydrophilic polima, kutsatsa kwa mapuloteni kumachepa ndipo mwayi wosagwirizana ndi magazi umachepanso.Chophimba chimodzi chotere cha polima chomwe chimapangitsa kuti hemocompatability ndi heparin.Heparin ndi chophimba cha polima chomwe chimalumikizana ndi thrombin kuti chiteteze kutsekeka.Heparin yawonetsedwa kuti imapondereza kuphatikizika kwa mapulateleti, kumathandizira kuyambitsa komanso kutsatsa kwa mapuloteni.
Zomangamanga
Zopangira ma polima apamwamba:Ma composites apamwamba a polima amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbikitsa ndi kukonzanso zinthu zakale.Zophatikizika zapamwambazi zitha kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kuphatikiza prepreg, resin, kulowetsedwa, kupiringa kwa filament ndi pultrusion.Ma composites apamwamba kwambiri a polima amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapangidwe ambiri a ndege ndipo msika wawo waukulu uli muzamlengalenga komanso chitetezo.
Ma polima opangidwa ndi fiber:Ma polima opangidwa ndi fiber-reinforced (FRP) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi akatswiri opanga zomangamanga m'mapangidwe awo.FRPs amayankha mzere-elastically ku axial stress, kuwapanga kukhala chinthu chabwino chonyamula katundu.Ma FRP nthawi zambiri amakhala opangidwa ndi laminate ndipo lamina iliyonse imakhala ndi unidirectional ulusi, makamaka kaboni kapena galasi, wophatikizidwa mkati mwa zinthu zopepuka za polima.Ma FRP ali ndi kukana kwakukulu motsutsana ndi kuwonekera kwa chilengedwe komanso kulimba kwambiri.
Polytetrafluoroethylene:Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ndi polima yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zambiri kuphatikiza zokutira zosamata, zodzikongoletsera, ndi zopaka mafuta.PTFE ndi molekyulu ya hydrophobic yopangidwa ndi kaboni ndi fluorine.Zomangira za carbon-fluorine zimapangitsa PTFE kukhala chinthu chotsika kwambiri, chothandizira kutentha kwambiri komanso kusagwirizana ndi kupsinjika maganizo.Izi zimapangitsa kuti PTFE ikhale yosasunthika komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu osiyanasiyana.
Polima adsorption mu porous media:Kukometsedwa kwakuthupi ndi kutsekeka kwamakina ndizifukwa ziwiri zazikulu zosungira polima pama media a porous.Kusungidwa kwa polima pang'ono m'nkhokwe ndikofunikira kuti ntchito ya polima EOR ipambane.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-18-2018