Polima zakuthupi kusakaniza extrusion luso ndi zida wathunthu

Kusakaniza njira zowonjezera ndi njira yokhayo yopangira zinthu za polima, makamaka mapulasitiki, kuchoka kuzinthu kupita ku mafakitale.Zipangizo zamakono za polima zikukula kupita ku zida zopangira ma polima apamwamba kwambiri, zida zatsopano zogwirira ntchito za polima ndi zida zapolima wamba zotsika mtengo komanso zogwira ntchito kwambiri.

Kusakaniza njira zowonjezera ndi njira yokhayo yopangira zinthu za polima, makamaka mapulasitiki, kuchoka kuzinthu kupita ku mafakitale.Zamakonozipangizo za polimaakupanga zida zamapangidwe apamwamba a polima, zida zatsopano zogwirira ntchito za polima ndi zida zapolima wamba zotsika mtengo komanso zogwira ntchito kwambiri.High ntchito polima structural zipangizo yodziwika ndi mkulu enieni mphamvu, kwambiri dzimbiri kukana, kukana abrasion ndi yosavuta processing, amene ali ndi tanthauzo lalikulu pa chitukuko cha chuma dziko ndi chitetezo cha dziko.Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera komanso apadera, zida zatsopano zogwirira ntchito za polima zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga chitetezo cha chilengedwe, magwiridwe antchito a chidziwitso, zida zamankhwala, nembanemba yolekanitsa zinthu, kutembenuka kwamphamvu komanso ukadaulo wosungira mphamvu.Kugwira ntchito kwakukulu kwa zida zapolymer komanso kutsika mtengo kwa mapulasitiki a uinjiniya kumayang'anabe kafukufuku waposachedwa ndi chitukuko cha zida za polima komanso njira yofunikira yowonjezerera kuchuluka kwa mapulasitiki ndi mapulasitiki aumisiri.

Kuphatikiza pa zinthu zina zopangira zida zama polima, zida zatsopano za polima zimakhala ndi zosiyana zambiri zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala.Kuwonekera ndi chitukuko cha zipangizo zatsopano polymeric, minda ntchito kukulitsa, kwa mkulu polima zinthu kusanganikirana extrusion amaperekedwanso patsogolo pempho apamwamba, chikhalidwe kusanganikirana luso ndi zipangizo alibe bwino ena apamwamba apamwamba polima zakuthupi kukwaniritsa kufunika kwa kusanganikirana, Choncho, chitukuko cha mtundu watsopano kusanganikirana luso extrusion ndi zipangizo, kuti akwaniritse zosowa zatsopano polima zipangizo kwa mafakitale, kusakaniza zipangizo BNR;pa nthawi yomweyo, komanso mchitidwe wosalephereka wa chitukuko cha polima processing zipangizo masiku ano.

1. 1.Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa twin screwkusakaniza extrusionluso

Kusakaniza kwamakono ndi kusakaniza ukadaulo wa extrusion ndikuphatikiza zinthu zomwe zilipo polima ndi ma polima osiyanasiyana kapena kuwonjezera zida zina kuti zikwaniritse kuphatikiza kwazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuti zipititse patsogolo kwambiri zinthu zakuthupi, kapena kupatsa zida zopangira zatsopano, ndikuwonjezera mitundu yatsopano. banja la polima.M'makampani onse apulasitiki, pafupifupi 60% ya mapulasitiki amayenera kusakanizidwa ndikusinthidwa kuti apange zida zatsopano.Ambiri mwa njira zovuta processing zatsirizidwa mu kusakaniza zida akuimiridwa ndi amapasa wononga extruder.Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yomweyi yopangira mapasa kusakaniza extrusion ili ndi izi:

(1) kusanganikirana kwabwino kwambiri komanso kuphatikizika kwa plasticizing, komwe kungathe kutsimikizira kuti kubalalika kumafanana komanso kufana kwa magwiridwe antchito azinthu zosiyanasiyana mutatha kusakanikirana, ndipo ndi koyenera kuchita zinthu zovuta monga kudzaza, kusakanikirana, kulimbitsa magalasi, kutulutsa kosinthika komanso kuchotsedwa kosasunthika kwa ma resin osiyanasiyana. mapulasitiki.

(2) silinda ndi wononga zimatha kuzindikira kuphatikiza kwa "zomangamanga", kuti mukwaniritse zolinga zambiri, ntchito zambiri.

(3) screw meshing, kudziyeretsa tokha ndi zabwino;Zinthuzi zimakwaniritsa kukonzanso kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso kutulutsa mpweya wabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimatha kuthetsa mpweya kapena monomer wopangidwa pakusakaniza ndi kupanga pulasitiki.

(4) mkulu wononga liwiro, mphamvu yaikulu kupanga, otsika mphamvu mowa pa unit kupanga, zoonekeratu mphamvu yopulumutsa mphamvu.

Kutengera zabwino zomwe tafotokozazi, ukadaulo wa co-directional twin-screw mixing extrusion uli ndi mwayi wosasinthika pazida zopangira zinthu za polima ndipo umakhala wotsogola pakupanga zosintha zapolima.

Pakali pano, mtundu watsopano mapasa-screw kuonjezera ndi ntchito atsopano luso extrusion makamaka akuwonetseredwa mu mbali zotsatirazi: yokonza nanometer zinthu kusinthidwa ndi mkulu polima zinthu okhwima Gao Ren mtundu wa mtengo wotsika, mkulu polima aloyi zipangizo, electromagnetic kutchinga. zipangizo polymeric, buku polima zipangizo degradable mapulasitiki, ma CD pakompyuta, masterbatch latsopano ndi zosiyanasiyana zinchito masterbatch, etc., Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito zipangizo gulu latsopano (monga nkhuni pulasitiki gulu) kupanga ndi kukonzekera zipangizo zatsopano, kuwonjezera, akhoza Komanso ntchito polima Ankalumikiza, polycondensation wa zotakasika extrusion.Mafakitale omwe akukhudzidwa ndi monga zida zapakhomo, magalimoto, kulumikizana, ukadaulo wamagetsi, chitetezo cha dziko, ndege, kuteteza chilengedwe, makampani opanga mankhwala, zomangira, mphamvu zamagetsi, ndi zina zambiri.

2. 2.Kupititsa patsogolo ukadaulo watsopano wa polymer material extrusion yokhala ndi mapasa wononga

Pakali pano, njira chitukuko cha zipangizo zatsopano polima, amene makamaka wopangidwa nanomatadium, pulasitiki degradable, kusinthidwa phula ndi matabwa-pulasitiki gulu zipangizo, likulu pa mafakitale a zipangizo zimenezi, ndi njira yomweyo amapasa-screw extrusion luso amakhala chinsinsi kuti akwaniritse chitukuko cha mafakitale.Poyerekeza ndi zida wamba za polyolefin, zidazi zimakhala ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pamapangidwe azinthu, kapangidwe ka maselo ndi ma rheological.

(1) Nanomaterials akukhala mtundu watsopano wazinthu zopangidwa ndi mayiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi.Kuyambira yokonza nanometer masterbatch kupanga nanometer kusinthidwa mapulasitiki, mapasa-screw extruder amasewera irreplaceable ntchito mafakitale a nanometer mapulasitiki.Choyamba, chifukwa cha tinthu kukula kwa nanomaterials, ndi kusakaniza extrusion ndi kubalalitsidwa zotsatira ayenera kukhala mkulu.Kachiwiri, yokonza nanometer masterbatch kwa inviscid zisungunuke makhalidwe, otsika toughness, lili ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya extrusion ndi zina mu ndondomeko kuchotsa zinthu kuwonongeka, ndi polima chikhalidwe pansi osiyana chikhalidwe cha plasticizing makhalidwe monga mkulu brittleness, kuzirala ndi Njira yomaliza yopangira mankhwala ndi yosiyana ndi njira wamba ya polyolefin masterbatch.Kuyambira kusakaniza ndi plasticizing extruder mpaka kuziziritsa ndi granulation, zambiri zachitukuko zofunika.Choncho, ambiri kuzirala njira yosungunuka polima sangathe anatengera.Chomalizacho chimapangidwa potengera njira yotsekera yodyetsera ndi kusonkhanitsa ufa, kutengera chinthu chatsopano cholimba kwambiri cha rotor mu screw, kukhazikitsa mtundu wa buffer wotulutsa mu silinda, ndikutengera njira yotumizira lamba ndi kuzirala, kuphwanya chisanachitike. ndi kuphwanya mu zinthu Mzere kuzirala ndi kuphwanya.

(2) .Pali wowuma kwambiri pakukula kwa wowuma wodzazidwa ndi mapulasitiki owonongeka, mapulasitiki owonongeka kawiri ndi mapulasitiki onse owuma a thermoplastic.Kuphatikiza pa plasticizing ndi kuwasakaniza, kutaya madzi m'thupi ndi kugawa nthawi yogona mu ndondomeko ya extrusion akhala mavuto omwe ayenera kuthetsedwa pamene akusakaniza ndi granulating.Choncho, malinga ndi zipangizo zenizeni, yoyenera khamu wononga wononga kutalika-m'mimba mwake chiŵerengero, utsi malo ndi kuchuluka, wononga kapangidwe ndi kakonzedwe, njira zina ndi kuwonjezera mfundo ayenera kusankhidwa kuyesa ndi kudziwa kasinthidwe;Panthawi imodzimodziyo, teknoloji ya opaleshoni ndi luso lamakono zimakhalanso vuto lalikulu la kuwonongeka kwa pulasitiki yamapasa-screw extrusion.The pamwamba kiyi umisiri akhoza zochokera zinachitikira alipo bwino, pamodzi extrusion ndondomeko kuyesera ndi kusanthula zotsatira, potsiriza kudziwa extrusion ndondomeko zida kasinthidwe.

(3) .Modified asphalt wakhala njira yatsopano ya polima zinthu kusinthidwa.Kuyang'ana pakugwiritsa ntchito kwake pakupanga misewu yayikulu, ntchito yomanganso eyapoti ndi kukulitsa, kuwongolera kutentha kwake komanso malo ocheperako otentha ndiye njira yayikulu yopititsira patsogolo kufunika kwake.Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kulemera kwa maselo ndi mapangidwe a macromolecule, kusinthidwa kwa asphalt sikunakhaleko bwino.Kusinthidwa phula ndi wapadera kwambiri, ali onse ndi makhalidwe a mphira pulasitiki kusanganikirana, komanso ali zili mankhwala pambuyo processing, zoyendera amapasa wononga extruder, kusakaniza zinthu chitukuko, monga extrusion granulation amaika patsogolo zofunika zatsopano. , pakufunika ukadaulo kuti mupange mawonekedwe amtundu watsopano ndi kasinthidwe ka screw element, console, yosankhidwa pawiri wononga gawo mumitundu yonse yamayeso, monga screw length to diameter ratio, chiwerengero ndi malo a epoust gawo, shear rate, extruding form ndi kapangidwe , ndi zina.

(4) .Ponena za sayansi yakuthupi, WPC ndi chinthu chatsopano chokhala ndi kuthekera kwakukulu.Akuti makina opangidwa ndi fiber fiber akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale amagalimoto, zomangamanga, zoyendera, makampani oyendetsa ndege ndi zina zotero chifukwa cha makina awo apamwamba, kuuma kwawo, mphamvu zenizeni, kuyamwa kwamawu komanso kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe.Mu matabwa CHIKWANGWANI, matabwa ufa wothira utomoni masanjidwewo, kusakaniza njira zosiyanasiyana za matabwa CHIKWANGWANI mu zinthu gulu anapezedwa ndi kubalalitsa kufanana kusiyana ndi lalikulu kwambiri, kuzindikira mafakitale a matabwa pulasitiki gulu kupanga zinthu zatsopano zimenezi ndi chinsinsi kwa extrusion process ndi mawonekedwe apadera a extruder, malo opangira ukadaulo ali m'njira zogawikana, mawonekedwe apadera a wononga, TME ndi ZME element, makina otumizira ma torque apamwamba, chiwongolero chachikulu mpaka m'mimba mwake ndi D/Di = 1.55 voliyumu yaulere. , njira imodzi yopangira ma twin-screw extrusion.

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