PTFE imatchedwa "mfumu yamapulasitiki".Roy Planck, bambo wa fluororesin, anayamba kuphunzira za Freon m'malo mwa DuPont ku United States mu 1936. Iwo anasonkhanitsa gawo la tetrafluoroethylene ndikulisunga m'mabotolo achitsulo, kukonzekera kuyesa kotsatira tsiku lotsatira, Koma pamene valavu yochepetsera mphamvu. ya silinda inatsegulidwa tsiku lotsatira, panalibe kusefukira kwa gasi.Iwo ankaganiza kuti ikutha, koma poyeza silindayo, anapeza kuti silindayo sinaonde.Iwo anacheka kutsegula zitsulo botolo ndipo anapeza wambirimbiri ufa woyera, amene anali polytetrafluoroethylene (teflon).
PTFE imatchedwa "mfumu yamapulasitiki".Roy Planck, bambo wa fluororesin, anayamba kuphunzira za Freon m'malo mwa DuPont ku United States mu 1936. Iwo anasonkhanitsa gawo la tetrafluoroethylene ndikulisunga m'mabotolo achitsulo, kukonzekera kuyesa kotsatira tsiku lotsatira, Koma pamene valavu yochepetsera mphamvu. ya silinda inatsegulidwa tsiku lotsatira, panalibe kusefukira kwa gasi.Iwo ankaganiza kuti ikutha, koma poyeza silindayo, anapeza kuti silindayo sinaonde.Iwo anacheka kutsegula zitsulo botolo ndipo anapeza wambirimbiri ufa woyera, amene anali polytetrafluoroethylene (teflon).
Makhalidwe ndi katundu:
The makina zimatha PTFE ndi zofewa.PTFE ili ndi mndandanda wazinthu zabwino kwambiri:
- Kukana kutentha kwakukulu:kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali kwa 200 ~ 260 madigiri;
- Kutsika kwa kutentha:akadali ofewa pa -100 madigiri;
- Kulimbana ndi corrosion:kukana aqua regia ndi zosungunulira zonse organic;
- Kukana kwanyengo:moyo wabwino wokalamba mu pulasitiki;
- Kupaka mafuta kwambiri:kugunda kocheperako (0.04) m'mapulasitiki;
- Zosawoneka:kupsinjika kochepa kwapadziko muzinthu zolimba popanda kutsata chinthu chilichonse;
- Zopanda poizoni:yokhala ndi physiological inertia ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri zamagetsi, ndizomwe zimapangidwira C-Class kutchinjiriza, nyuzipepala wandiweyani wosanjikiza zimatha kuletsa voteji yayikulu ya 1500V.Ndi yosalala kuposa ayezi.
Mkangano wa PTFE ndi wochepa kwambiri, 1/5 yokha ya polyethylene, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri pamtunda wa perfluorocarbon.Ndipo chifukwa mphamvu yama cell a fluorine-carbon chain ndi yotsika kwambiri, PTFE siwoneka bwino.PTFE amakhalabe kwambiri makina katundu lonse kutentha osiyanasiyana -196 kuti 260 ° C. Mmodzi wa makhalidwe perfluorocarbon ma polima ndi kuti iwo Chimaona pa kutentha otsika.PTFE ali ndi kachulukidwe mkulu wa 2.14-2.20g / cm3, pafupifupi osayamwa madzi, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe amadzi ndikochepera 0.01%.PTFE ndi yofewa komanso yofooka polima.Mphamvu yokoka pakati pa macromolecules ndi yaying'ono, ndipo kuuma, kuuma, ndi mphamvu ndizochepa.Idzapunduka pansi pa kupsinjika kwa nthawi yayitali.
Technology Overview
Kuyimitsidwa kwa polymerization:mu polymerization ketulo, madzi ntchito ngati sing'anga, ammonium persulfate ntchito monga woyambitsa, ndi kuchepetsa hydrochloric asidi ntchito ngati activator, tetrafluoroethylene ndi polymerized pa kuthamanga kwa 0.5-2 MPa ndi 40-45 ℃ kupeza tinthu woyera, ndi kuti kupeza ufa polytetrafluoroethylene ndi osiyana tinthu kukula pambuyo phala, akupera, ndi kuyanika.
Dispersion polymerization:Kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka dispersant (ammonium perfluorooctanoate) ndi stabilizer (fluorocarbon compound) amawonjezeredwa kuti ayambitse polymerization ndi redox chothandizira.Polymerization imagawidwa kukhala kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwapansi.Kuthamanga kwakukulu ndi 2 MPa ndi 25 ℃, ndipo kuthamanga kwapansi ndi 0.6-0.7 MPa ndi 0-38 ℃.Njira yothetsera polytetrafluoroethylene polymerization imapangidwa ndi kubalalitsidwa kwa polymerization, ndipo utomoni wobalalika umapezeka ndi coagulation, kuyanika, ndi kufufuza.The emulsion ndi chamunthuyo ndi anaikira mwa ndende ketulo kupanga anaikira madzi, ndiye omwazika emulsion.
Dispersion resin imakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino komanso magwiridwe antchito azinthu.Polytetrafluoroethylene ndi refractory ndipo alibe madzimadzi.Zake tinthu kukula ndi tinthu mawonekedwe ndi yofunika kwambiri pa Sungunulani fluidity, processing katundu ndi katundu katundu.Kusiyana kwa khalidwe la ma resins oimitsidwa ndi ma resins omwazika ndi chifukwa cha kukula kwake, kukula kwa tinthu, ndi kapangidwe kake.Zakale zimakhala ndi kukula kwa tinthu ta millimeter, pamene zotsirizirazo zimakhala ndi kukula kwa submicron (250-350nm) .Kulemera kwa mamolekyulu ndi crystallinity ya PTFE dispersing resins nthawi zambiri imakhala yokwera kuposa ya utomoni woyimitsidwa, wokhala ndi crystallinity mpaka 96-98%, ndipo moyo wotopa wopindika ndiutali nthawi 2300 kuposa utomoni woyimitsidwa.
The tinthu kukula kwa omwazika utomoni opangidwa ndi emulsion polymerization ndi yaing'ono, tinthu kukula kugawa ndi wololera, ndi tinthu morphology ndi controllable, choncho ndi wabwino processing ntchito ndi ntchito mankhwala.
Pakali pano, pafupifupi magawo awiri pa atatu a PTFE resins amapangidwa ndi kuyimitsidwa njira ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu mwa kubalalitsidwa njira.
Mu 2019, pali makampani okwana 12 opanga PTFE okhala ndi mphamvu zokwana pafupifupi matani 140,000 / chaka, zomwe zimaposa 40% ya mphamvu yopanga padziko lonse lapansi.Komabe, tisaiwale kuti China PTFE kupanga mphamvu makamaka jekeseni akamaumba kalasi pakati ndi otsika-mapeto mankhwala.
Kuthekera kwa kupanga kwa PTFE ku China kumakhala kokhazikika.Makampani asanu ndi limodzi apamwamba kwambiri pamakampaniwa amakhala pafupifupi 83% ya mphamvu zonse zopanga.Mtsogoleri wamakampani, Dongyue Gulu, amakhala pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu amsika.
Mu 2019, akuti kutulutsa kwapakhomo kwa PTFE kuli pafupifupi matani 90,000, makamaka muzopangira jekeseni zapakati komanso zotsika, komanso kuchuluka kwa PTFE utomoni wapakatikati ndi wotsika kwambiri, womwe umadalira kwambiri zogulitsa kunja. wogulitsa kunja kwa PTFE.Mu 2004, kuchuluka kwa kutumiza kwa PTFE ku China kudapitilira kuchuluka kwa zomwe zidatumizidwa, ndipo mphamvu zake zidakula kwambiri kuyambira 2010 mpaka 2012, ndipo kuchuluka kwake komwe kumatumizidwa kumawonjezeka chaka ndi chaka.Mu 2010, kuchuluka kwa PTFE ku China kudapitilira matani 20,000 kwa nthawi yoyamba ndipo kumakhalabe pafupifupi matani 20,000 / chaka mpaka pano. Voliyumu yotumizira idakhalabe yokhazikika ya matani 5000-6000, pomwe 70-80% ya PTFE yochokera kunja ndi yayikulu. -ntchito zosinthidwa kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zamafakitale akumunsi pazogulitsa zapamwamba za PTFE.Pakali pano, PTFE yapamwamba ya China imaperekedwa makamaka ndi makampani akunja mongaDaikinku Japan,DuPontku United States.
Ntchito zazikulu za 5G
Ndi chitukuko chosalekeza cha teknoloji yolumikizirana ya 5G, kufunikira kwa ma frequency apamwamba komanso otsika kwambiri a dielectric akuchulukiranso.Zipangizo za Fluorine zimakhala ndi zotsekemera zabwino kwambiri ndipo sizimasokonezedwa mosavuta ndi mafunde a wailesi.Ma fluoropolymers ali ndi ma dielectric otsika komanso zinthu zochepa zotayika pansi pamikhalidwe yapamwamba kwambiri.Atha kupereka ma frequency apamwamba kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri kwa malo opangira ma data, nsanja zotumizira ma signal, ndi zida zamagetsi.Chifukwa chake, pakuthamanga kwa 5G, kufunikira kwa msika kwa ma fluoropolymers ochita bwino kwambiri kukuchulukiranso.
Ntchito zazikuluzikulu ndi zingwe zoyankhulirana za 5G zothamanga kwambiri, ma semiconductors, ma PCB ndi zigawo za antenna.
Chingwe chokwera kwambiri komanso chothamanga kwambiri
Teflon resin imathandizira magwiridwe antchito amagetsi a zida zotchinjiriza ndi ma jekete ndikuwapatsa chitetezo chosayerekezeka chamoto.Makhalidwewa ndi ofunikira kwambiri pamawayilesi (monga chingwe chothamanga kwambiri) pamanetiweki amderali (LAN), malo opangira ma data, ndi njira zina zolumikizirana zotsogola kwambiri.Choncho, ma fluoropolymers adzagwiritsidwa ntchito pamizere yotumizira maulendo apamwamba ndi ntchito zambiri, mavoti akuluakulu otumizira deta, ndi kutanthauzira kwakukulu.
Kupanga semiconductor
5G ikukhudza chitukuko cha mafakitale a semiconductor ndikusintha zosowa za makampani.Ma polima a PTFE amakhalanso ndi gawo lofunikira pakupangira ma semiconductor.
PCB ndi zigawo za mlongoti
Mu nthawi ya 5G, mapepala osindikizira osindikizira (PCBs) adzadalira kwambiri zipangizo zamakono za fluoropolymer, zomwe zingathe kupititsa patsogolo kufalikira kwa 5G.PTFE imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zopangira prepreg mu PCBs ndi kachitidwe ka tinyanga kuti tikwaniritse kulumikizana kwapafupipafupi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-26-2019