Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) (conjugate base perfluorooctanoate), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti C8, ndi synthetic perfluorinated carboxylic acid ndi fluorosurfactant.Mmodzi mafakitale ntchito ngati surfactant mu emulsion polymerization wa fluoropolymers.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zodziwika bwino monga polytetrafluoroethylene (yomwe imadziwika kuti polima).PFOA idapangidwa kuyambira 1940s muzambiri zamafakitale.Zimapangidwanso ndi kuwonongeka kwa zoyambira monga ma fluorotelomers.
PTFE yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalonda kuyambira 1940s.Imagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana chifukwa ndiyokhazikika kwambiri (simagwirizana ndi mankhwala ena) ndipo imatha kupangitsa kuti pakhale malo osasunthika.Anthu ambiri amachidziwa ngati chophikira chopanda ndodo cha mapoto ndi zophikira zina.Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazinthu zina zambiri, monga zoteteza nsalu.
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti C8, ndi mankhwala ena opangidwa ndi anthu.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga polima ndi mankhwala ofanana (otchedwa fluorotelomers), ngakhale kuti amawotchedwa panthawiyi ndipo sapezeka muzinthu zambiri zomaliza.
PFOA imatha kukhala yodetsa nkhawa chifukwa imatha kukhala m'chilengedwe komanso m'thupi la munthu kwa nthawi yayitali.Kafukufuku wapeza kuti amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi pamilingo yotsika kwambiri pafupifupi pafupifupi magazi a aliyense.Magazi okwera kwambiri apezeka mwa anthu ammudzi komwe madzi am'deralo adayipitsidwa ndi PFOA.Anthu omwe ali ndi PFOA kuntchito amatha kukhala ndi milingo yochulukirapo nthawi zambiri.
PFOA ndi mankhwala ena ofanana amatha kupezeka pamiyeso yotsika muzakudya zina, madzi akumwa, ndi fumbi lanyumba.Ngakhale kuti ma PFOA m'madzi akumwa nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika, amatha kukhala apamwamba m'madera ena, monga pafupi ndi zomera zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito PFOA.
Anthu amathanso kuwonetseredwa ndi PFOA kuchokera ku sera ya ski kapena kuchokera kunsalu ndi ma carpeting zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zisawonongeke.Zophika zopanda ndodo sizomwe zimapangitsa kuti PFOA iwonetsedwe.
Kafukufuku wambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa ayang'ana kuthekera kwa PFOA kumayambitsa khansa.Ofufuza amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yayikulu ya maphunziro a 2 kuyesa kudziwa ngati chinthu choterocho chingayambitse khansa.
Maphunziro mu lab
M'maphunziro omwe amachitidwa mu labu, nyama zimakumana ndi chinthu (nthawi zambiri pamlingo waukulu kwambiri) kuti awone ngati chimayambitsa zotupa kapena zovuta zina zaumoyo.Ofufuza atha kuwululanso ma cell amunthu mu mbale ya labu kuti awone ngati imayambitsa mitundu ya kusintha komwe kumawonedwa m'maselo a khansa.
Kafukufuku wa nyama za labu apeza kuti kukhudzana ndi PFOA kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha zotupa za chiwindi, machende, mabere (mabere), ndi kapamba mu nyama izi.Kawirikawiri, maphunziro ochitidwa bwino pa zinyama amachita ntchito yabwino yolosera zomwe zimayambitsa khansa mwa anthu.Koma sizodziwikiratu ngati momwe mankhwalawa amakhudzira chiwopsezo cha khansa mu nyama chingakhale chimodzimodzi mwa anthu.
Maphunziro mwa anthu
Mitundu ina ya maphunziro imayang'ana kuchuluka kwa khansa m'magulu osiyanasiyana a anthu.Maphunzirowa atha kufananiza kuchuluka kwa khansa mu gulu lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa khansa mu gulu lomwe silinawonekere, kapena kuyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa khansa pagulu la anthu ambiri.Koma nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kudziwa zomwe zotsatira za maphunziro amtunduwu zikutanthawuza, chifukwa zinthu zina zambiri zimatha kukhudza zotsatira zake.
Kafukufuku wayang'ana anthu omwe ali ndi PFOA pokhala pafupi kapena kugwira ntchito m'mafakitale a mankhwala.Ena mwa maphunzirowa awonetsa kuti chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa ya testicular ndi kuwonjezeka kwa PFOA.Kafukufuku wasonyezanso kugwirizana kwa khansa ya impso ndi khansa ya chithokomiro, koma kuwonjezeka kwachiwopsezo kwakhala kochepa ndipo kukanakhala chifukwa cha mwayi.
Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti zotheka kugwirizana ndi khansa ina, kuphatikizapo kansa ya prostate, chikhodzodzo, ndi ovarian.Koma si maphunziro onse omwe apeza maulalo oterowo, ndipo kafukufuku wochulukirapo akufunika kuti afotokoze zomwe zapezazi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-02-2017